Cleaning the teeth (with brushing and flossing) prevents the buildup of plaque . Plaque is a clear, sticky material made up of bacteria. It can build up and lead to:

  • Cavities. A cavity is a hole in a tooth that, without treatment, can grow bigger and deeper. 
  • Gum disease. This irritation of the gums happens when plaque is left on the teeth. Over time, gum disease can lead to sore, bleeding gums, and even tooth loss.

Here are some basic tips for parents and caregivers:

For Babies

Even before your baby’s first tooth comes in, it’s important to keep the gums clean. 

Wipe gums twice a day with a soft, clean cloth in the morning after the first feeding and right before bed. This wipes away bacteria and sugars that can cause cavities.

When teeth come in, start brushing twice a day with a soft, small-bristled toothbrush and plain water.

Visit the dentist by your baby's first birthday or the first 6 months after the first teeth come in to spot any signs of problems 

For Children

Brush their teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste.

Help your child brush their teeth until they have good brushing skills. If your child is younger than 6 years, the caregiver or parent should help them brush and train them by:

  • Guiding the child's hand so they can feel the correct movement.
  • Use a mirror to help your child see exactly where the brush is cleaning their teeth.

Reccommended brushing time should be about 2 minutes.

Older kids of above 6 years should be able to brush and floss on their own but may need to be reminded or watched.

Make sure they use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste and always spit it out rather than swallow.

Older kids should go to the dentist on a regular schedule. Usually between every 3 months to once a year. 

Ask your child's dentist to apply dental sealants when appropriate.

The following practices will also help maintain helathy teeth for your baby:

  • Avoid giving juice to babies younger than 12 months old. After that you may limit the amount of juice given to toddlers and kids up to 6 or 7 years. 
  •  Instead,  100% fruit juice, is recommended at mealtime.
  • Limit sugar-sweetened beverages (like soda, juice drinks, sports drinks, and flavored milks) and sugary snacks (especially sticky candy). If your child does have these, serve at mealtimes, and have them brush their teeth after.
  • Make your home and car smoke-free. Children that are around secondhand smoke are more likely to get cavities.